Which statement accurately describes a keylogger?

A keylogger is a type of software or hardware that records the keystrokes made on a keyboard. It is designed to capture sensitive information such as passwords, credit card numbers, and personal messages by logging each key pressed by a user. This function allows attackers to gain unauthorized access to an individual's or organization's confidential data without their knowledge.

In contrast, preventative software aimed at stopping hacking attempts focuses on detecting and mitigating threats before they can cause harm, rather than recording input. Encrypting data during transmission serves to protect information from being intercepted and does not involve capturing keyboard input at all. Lastly, software that erases sensitive files is designed for data destruction, not monitoring or capturing input. Therefore, the function of a keylogger is specifically associated with capturing confidential data through keyboard input, making the accurate description option the correct choice.