What does the Utilitarian Principle advocate in ethical decision-making?

The Utilitarian Principle is centered on the idea that ethical decisions should be made based on the outcomes that generate the greatest good for the largest number of people. This approach emphasizes maximizing overall happiness and minimizing suffering in society. When applying this principle, a decision-maker assesses the potential consequences of various options and selects the one that is most beneficial for the majority. This principle is rooted in consequentialist ethics, where the moral value of an action is determined by its results, making it crucial for policy-making and ethical considerations in fields such as public health, environmental regulation, and cybersecurity.

In contrast to the correct answer, the other options do not align with the core tenets of utilitarianism. The focus on emotional impact or personal gain shifts the emphasis away from the collective welfare, while aiming for the least amount of change does not necessarily consider the net benefit or harm experienced by people. Therefore, the correct understanding of the Utilitarian Principle highlights its commitment to the outcome that provides the most significant overall benefit to society.